Which of the following is a consequence of higher ocean temperatures?

• A. Increased coral reproduction
• B. Coral bleaching
• C. Expansion of marine protected areas
• D. Decreased biodiversity

Answer: (B)

Higher ocean temperatures lead to coral bleaching, which is a significant consequence that occurs when corals become stressed due to changes in their environment, particularly temperature. Coral polyps, which are small, living animals that make up coral reefs, have a symbiotic relationship with algae known as zooxanthellae. These algae provide nutrients to the corals and give them their vibrant colors. When ocean temperatures rise beyond normal levels, the stress causes corals to expel these algae, leading them to lose their color and become "bleached."

This bleaching process has dire effects on the health of the coral reefs, as it diminishes the corals' ability to obtain necessary nutrients and can ultimately result in coral death if the stress persists. It disrupts the entire ecosystem surrounding coral reefs, impacting marine species that depend on them for habitat and food, thereby leading to broader ecological consequences. Therefore, higher ocean temperatures significantly contribute to coral bleaching, making it the correct answer in this context.